Perseu: História, Memória e Política

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Centro Sérgio Buarque de Holanda — Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

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Apresentação

Centro Sérgio Buarque de Holanda — Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

Apresentação

The Unique Health System and the Workers 'Party: history and current challenges

Eliane A. Cruz, Jacinta F. S. Silva, Valdevir Both, Conceição A. P. Rezende — Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

This article aims to present a brief history of the attention to health care in Brazil and the importance of the Sanitary Reform Movement in the period of redemocratization of the country in the 1980s, which played a fundamental role in the creation of the Unified Health System (SUS). This movement is seen as a tributary of much political articulation and social mobilization evidenced both at the 8th National Health Conference and the popular process which generated the Federal Constitution of 1988. This work is based on the bibliographic revision and documentary research, densifying information about the period researched by including information given by social actors that were filiated to the Workers Party and participated in this unique political moment that defined "health care as everyone's right and the state's duty to ensure it". Analyzing the results of this research shows the importance of defending universal access to health care, independent from the influence of the workers party, seeing the weakening of SUS in the present proposal of changing the current universal heath system to a universal coverage system. The difference in the key terms "health system" and "coverage system" may seem small at first glance, but the latter brings with it the interests of private entities that prioritize their profit above even life, causing great setbacks as to seeing health as a human right, which should be structuring the economic and social development and therefore the right to quality of life.

The action of the Workers’ Party in the management of the Ministry of Health: Strategic Agendas aimed at guaranteeing the right to health and the defense of the SUS

Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

The administrations’ petistas in the federal government (2003-16) produced a series of structural changes in the construction of the SUS in Brazil. Policies that sought the universalization and reduction of system inequities were implemented and today are part of the daily life of the Brazilian population. SAMU, Farmácia Popular, Mais Médicos, expansion of the substitute network in mental health, PDPs, strengthening of PNI and SNT, had great positive repercussion on health indicators such as the fall in infant and maternal mortality, increased life expectancy and others. However, structural problems persisted in the process of implementing the SUS. We highlight three: financing, which, despite growing throughout the period, did not vary as a proportion of GDP, the management models of the units, where no alternatives were built to face the avalanche of growth of models outside the public management and part of specialized care networks.

The experience of Workers' Party in the construction of the company's process and practices State Management of the SUS

Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

Since the late 1990s, the PT has managed some states. The way to deploy the SUS can be printed with characteristics common to everyone. We will not portray all of them, but some that served as examples for other managements, with good results achieved. The valorization of the spaces of agreement and deliberation of the SUS, the role of states in encouraging Primary Care, as well as the definition of the coordinating role of the states were standardized in all the experiences described, namely, Rio Grande do Sul, Bahia, Sergipe and Rio Grande do Norte. We do not exhaust all advances/challenges, but we seek to describe important marks of these examples, which can be considered marks in the petista way of governing the state SUS.

PT mode to rule the municipalities: transformations and challenges

Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

This article explores the PT way of governing in municipal administrations, focusing on health. Recognizing that it does not have with register the hundreds of municipal experiences, which are unique and very plural, Seeks to reflect on the devices developed in some municipalities as an example of possibilities of building a qualified management and centered on people and not only in administrative and bureaucratic arrangements. Its center is the reflection on primary care, mental health care and alcohol and drugs, the way of caring centered on people and management arrangements. A bet on the possibility of transforming people's lives when management is committed to the defense of life.

The coup against democracy, austerity and the attack on SUS: 2016, the year that didn't end.

Humberto Costa, Artur Chioro, Ana Paula Menezes Sóter, Bruno Moretti — Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

This article discusses the impacts of Constitutional Amendment n. 95 (EC 95) on the Unified Health System. To this end, it begins by describing the implications of the 2016 parliamentary coup on state practices and public health. Then, it goes on to the SUS financing history since the Federal Constitution of 1988 (CF 88). Next, it addresses the consecrated narrative since the 2016 parliamentary coup, which associates the economic crisis with the excess of public spending, in order to justify the adoption of the austerity policy, with negative impacts on public services. It seeks to show that EC 95 imposes a permanent fiscal adjustment agenda and will be interpreted in the light of the concept of neoliberalism as a technology of government. In its empirical dimension, the work shows the effects of spending rules on SUS.

O PT e a saúde pública no Brasil

Vanessa Xavier Nadotti — Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

Neste Caderno de Documentos, que acompanha o Dossiê de artigos da mesma temática, disponibilizamos uma seleção de textos acerca das ações e debates do PT sobre a questão da saúde pública. No momento em que elaboramos essa seleção, o país é assolado pelo descaso governamental, que se posiciona de maneira passiva diante da pandemia provocada pelo vírus Covid-19, que já vitimou mais de 160 mil brasileiros. Até o fechamento desta edição, certamente este número terá sido superado. Ao passo que a sociedade civil e a comunidade médica fazem o possível para conter esta triste realidade, o Estado brasileiro é negligente nas ações de combate à expansão e controle da doença.

Reunimos documentos veiculados em periódicos de circulação nacional, atualmente disponíveis online na base de dados do Centro Sérgio Buarque de Holanda da Fundação Perseu Abramo. São eles: Jornal dos Trabalhadores, Boletim Nacional do PT, PT na Constituinte e PT Notícias. O Caderno também traz as resoluções de Encontros e Congressos e dos Programas de Governo, também disponíveis para consulta em nosso acervo.

The historical mutations of antipetism and the Bolsonaro phenomenon

Dolores Rocca Rivarola — Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

This paper reflects on Jair Bolsonaro’s electoral ascent in Brazil, developing an argument on the mutations in antipetismo –or the rejection of the Workers’ Party (PT)- between the presidential election of 1989 and the electoral campaign of 2018. We present three historical “moments” that have characterized antipetismo, with their respective prevalent elements, intensities and the milestones of those transformations. The periodization and reflections I propose here on antipetism are nurtured by a revision of existing literature (in social and political science) regarding these historical processes; by the qualitative analysis of TV electoral campaigns (HGPE); and also by the preliminary exploration of the behaviour of Bolsonaro’s followers in his Facebook profile during the electoral process in 2018.

Brasil: uma política externa altiva e ativa

Mateus José da Silva Santos — Thu, 17 Dec 2020 00:00:00 -0300

Resenha da obra Brasil: uma política externa altiva e ativa,
de Valter Pomar (org.). São Paulo: Editora Fundação Perseu Abramo, 2017, 132 p.